The Gospel According to St. Mark

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- Kapitel 12 -

(Matthew 21:33–46; Luke 20:9–18)

Then Jesus began to teach them in parables. He said, “A man planted a vineyard, put a hedge around it, and dug a pit for a winepress. He built a watchtower and then leased the vineyard to vine growers. Then he went away on a journey.

At the right time, he sent a servant to the vine growers to receive from them some of the fruit of the vineyard.

But they took him, beat him, and sent him away with nothing.

Again he sent to them another servant, and they wounded him in the head and treated him shamefully.

He sent yet another, and this one they killed. They treated many others in the same way, beating some and killing others.

He had still one more person to send, a beloved son. He was the last one he sent to them. He said, “They will respect my son.”

But the vine growers said to one another, “This is the heir. Come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.”

They seized him, killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.

Therefore, what will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy the vine growers and will give the vineyard to others.

Have you not read this scripture? ’The stone which the builders rejected, has been made the cornerstone.

This was from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes.’”

They sought to arrest Jesus, but they feared the crowd, for they knew that he had spoken this parable against them. So they left him and went away.

Paying Taxes to Caesar

(Matthew 22:15–22; Luke 20:19–26)

Then they sent some of the Pharisees and the Herodians to him to trap him with words.

When they came, they said to him, “Teacher, we know that you care for no one’s opinion, and you do not show partiality between people. You truly teach the way of God. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar or not? Should we pay or not?”

But Jesus knew their hypocrisy and said to them, “Why do you test me? Bring me a denarius so I can look at it.”

They brought one to Jesus. He said to them, “Whose likeness and inscription is this?” They said, “Caesar’s.”

Jesus said, “Give to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” They marveled at him.

The Sadducees and the Resurrection

(Matthew 22:23–33; Luke 20:27–40)

Then Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to him. They asked him, saying,

“Teacher, Moses wrote for us, ‘If a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife behind him, but no child, the man should take the brother’s wife, and have children for his brother.’

There were seven brothers; the first took a wife and then died, leaving no children.

Then the second took her and died, leaving no children. And the third likewise.

And the seven left no children. Last of all, the woman also died.

In the resurrection, when they rise again, whose wife will she be? For all seven brothers had her as their wife.”

Jesus said, “Is this not the reason you are mistaken, because you do not know the scriptures nor the power of God?

For when they rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but they are like angels in heaven.

But concerning the dead that are raised, have you not read in The Book of Moses, in the account about the bush, how God spoke to him and said, ‘I am the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob’?

He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are quite mistaken.”

The Greatest Commandment

(Deuteronomy 6:1–19; Matthew 22:34–40)

One of the scribes came and heard their discussion; he saw that Jesus answered them well. He asked him, “What commandment is the most important of all?”

Jesus answered, “The most important is, ’Hear, Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one.

You must love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind, and with all your strength.’

The second commandment is this, ‘You must love your neighbor as yourself.’ There is no other greater commandment than these.”

The scribe said, “Good, Teacher! You have truly said that God is one, and that there is no other besides him.

To love him with all the heart and with all the understanding and with all the strength, and to love one’s neighbor as oneself, is even more than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.”

When Jesus saw that he had given a wise answer, he said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.” After that, no one dared to ask Jesus any more questions.

Whose Son Is the Christ?

(Matthew 22:41–46; Luke 20:41–44)

And Jesus responded, while he was teaching in the temple; he said, “How is it that the scribes say the Christ is the son of David?

David himself, in the Holy Spirit, said, ’The Lord said to my Lord, sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.’

David himself calls him ‘Lord,’ so how can the Christ be David’s son?” The large crowd gladly listened to him.

Beware of the Scribes

(Luke 20:45–47)

In his teaching Jesus said, “Beware of the scribes, who like to walk in long robes and they like the greetings they receive in the marketplaces;

and they like to have the chief seats in the synagogues and chief places at feasts.

They also devour widows’ houses, and they pray long prayers for people to see. These men will receive greater condemnation.”

The Widow’s Offering

(Luke 21:1–4)

Then Jesus sat down across from an offering box in the temple area; he was watching people as they dropped their money into the box. Many rich people put in large amounts of money.

Then a poor widow came and put in two mites, worth about a penny.

And he called his disciples and said to them, “Truly I say to you, this poor widow has put in more than all of them who contributed to the offering box.

For all of them gave out of their abundance. But this widow, out of her poverty, put in all of the money which she had to live on.”

(Matthew 21:33–46; Luke 20:9–18)

He began to speak to them in parables. “A man planted a vineyard, put a hedge around it, dug a pit for the wine press, built a tower, rented it out to a farmer, and went into another country.

When it was time, he sent a servant to the farmer to get from the farmer his share of the fruit of the vineyard.

They took him, beat him, and sent him away empty.

Again, he sent another servant to them; and they threw stones at him, wounded him in the head, and sent him away shamefully treated.

Again he sent another, and they killed him, and many others, beating some, and killing some.

Therefore still having one, his beloved son, he sent him last to them, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’

But those farmers said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’

They took him, killed him, and cast him out of the vineyard.

What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy the farmers, and will give the vineyard to others.

Haven’t you even read this Scripture: ‘The stone which the builders rejected was made the head of the corner.

This was from the Lord. It is marvelous in our eyes’?” (a)

They tried to seize him, but they feared the multitude; for they perceived that he spoke the parable against them. They left him and went away.

Paying Taxes to Caesar

(Matthew 22:15–22; Luke 20:19–26)

They sent some of the Pharisees and the Herodians to him, that they might trap him with words.

When they had come, they asked him, “Teacher, we know that you are honest, and don’t defer to anyone; for you aren’t partial to anyone, but truly teach the way of God. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?

Shall we give, or shall we not give?” But he, knowing their hypocrisy, said to them, “Why do you test me? Bring me a denarius, that I may see it.”

They brought it. He said to them, “Whose is this image and inscription?” They said to him, “Caesar’s.”

Jesus answered them, “Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” They marveled greatly at him.

The Sadducees and the Resurrection

(Matthew 22:23–33; Luke 20:27–40)

Some Sadducees, who say that there is no resurrection, came to him. They asked him, saying,

“Teacher, Moses wrote to us, ‘If a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife behind him, and leaves no children, that his brother should take his wife and raise up offspring for his brother.’

There were seven brothers. The first took a wife, and dying left no offspring.

The second took her, and died, leaving no children behind him. The third likewise;

and the seven took her and left no children. Last of all the woman also died.

In the resurrection, when they rise, whose wife will she be of them? For the seven had her as a wife.”

Jesus answered them, “Isn’t this because you are mistaken, not knowing the Scriptures nor the power of God?

For when they will rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels in heaven.

But about the dead, that they are raised, haven’t you read in the book of Moses about the Bush, how God spoke to him, saying, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’? (b)

He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are therefore badly mistaken.”

The Greatest Commandment

(Deuteronomy 6:1–19; Matthew 22:34–40)

One of the scribes came and heard them questioning together, and knowing that he had answered them well, asked him, “Which commandment is the greatest of all?”

Jesus answered, “The greatest is: ‘Hear, Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one.

You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind, and with all your strength.’ (c) This is the first commandment.

The second is like this: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ (d) There is no other commandment greater than these.”

The scribe said to him, “Truly, teacher, you have said well that he is one, and there is none other but he;

and to love him with all the heart, with all the understanding, all the soul, and with all the strength, and to love his neighbor as himself, is more important than all whole burnt offerings and sacrifices.”

When Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, “You are not far from God’s Kingdom.” No one dared ask him any question after that.

Whose Son Is the Christ?

(Matthew 22:41–46; Luke 20:41–44)

Jesus responded, as he taught in the temple, “How is it that the scribes say that the Christ is the son of David?

For David himself said in the Holy Spirit, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies the footstool of your feet.”’ (e)

Therefore David himself calls him Lord, so how can he be his son?” The common people heard him gladly.

Beware of the Scribes

(Luke 20:45–47)

In his teaching he said to them, “Beware of the scribes, who like to walk in long robes, and to get greetings in the marketplaces,

and to get the best seats in the synagogues and the best places at feasts,

those who devour widows’ houses, and for a pretense make long prayers. These will receive greater condemnation.”

The Widow’s Offering

(Luke 21:1–4)

Jesus sat down opposite the treasury and saw how the multitude cast money into the treasury. Many who were rich cast in much.

A poor widow came and she cast in two small brass coins,(f) which equal a quadrans coin.(g)

He called his disciples to himself and said to them, “Most certainly I tell you, this poor widow gave more than all those who are giving into the treasury,

for they all gave out of their abundance, but she, out of her poverty, gave all that she had to live on.”

Fußnoten

(a)12:11 ℘ Psalms 118:22-23

(b)12:26 ℘ Exodus 3:6

(d)12:31 ℘ Leviticus 19:18

(e)12:36 ℘ Psalms 110:1

(f)12:42 literally, lepta (or widow’s mites). Lepta are very small brass coins worth half a quadrans each, which is a quarter of the copper assarion. Lepta are worth less than 1% of an agricultural worker’s daily wages.

(g)12:42 A quadrans is a coin worth about 1/64 of a denarius. A denarius is about one day’s wages for an agricultural laborer.